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1 inflation
inflation [ɛ̃flasjɔ̃]feminine noun* * *ɛ̃flasjɔ̃nom féminin inflation* * *ɛ̃flasjɔ̃ nf* * *inflation nf1 Écon inflation ¢; taux d'inflation de 3% 3% inflation rate; l'inflation est de 3% inflation is at 3%; forte/faible inflation high/low inflation; inflation annuelle annual inflation; inflation galopante/rampante galloping/rampant inflation; réduire/limiter l'inflation to cut/curb inflation; inflation des salaires/prix wage/price inflation; inflation du crédit/des coûts médicaux credit/medical-costs inflation;2 ( profusion) flood; inflation des diplômes/de l'information flood of diplomas/of information; inflation verbale flood of words.inflation par les coûts Écon cost-push inflation; inflation par la demande Écon demand-pull inflation.[ɛ̃flasjɔ̃] nom féminininflation par la demande/les coûts demand-pull/cost-push inflationinflation galopante/larvée galloping/creeping inflation2. [accroissement - des effectifs]l'inflation du nombre des bureaucrates the inflated ou swelling numbers of bureaucrats -
2 rate of return
Finan accounting ratio of the income from an investment to the amount of the investment, used to measure financial performance.EXAMPLEThere is a basic formula that will serve most needs, at least initially:[(Current value of amount invested – Original value of amount invested) / Original value of amount invested] × 100% = rate of returnIf $1,000 in capital is invested in stock, and one year later the investment yields $1,100, the rate of return of the investment is calculated like this:[(1100 – 1000) / 1000] × 100% = 100 / 1000 × 100% = 10% rate of returnNow, assume $1,000 is invested again. One year later, the investment grows to $2,000 in value, but after another year the value of the investment falls to $1,200. The rate of return after the first year is:[(2000 – 1000) / 1000] × 100% = 100%The rate of return after the second year is:[(1200 – 2000) / 2000] × 100% = – 40%The average annual return for the two years (also known as average annual arithmetic return) can be calculated using this formula:(Rate of return for Year 1 + Rate of return for Year 2) /2 = average annual returnAccordingly:(100% + – 40%) /2 = 30%The average annual rate of return is a percentage, but one that is accurate over only a short period, so this method should be used accordingly.The geometric or compound rate of return is a better yardstick for measuring investments over the long term, and takes into account the effects of compounding. This formula is more complex and technical.The real rate of return is the annual return realized on an investment, adjusted for changes in the price due to inflation. If 10% is earned on an investment but inflation is 2%, then the real rate of return is actually 8%. -
3 inflation rate
Econthe rate at which general price levels increase over a period of time -
4 real interest rate
Fininterest rate approximately calculated by subtracting the rate of inflation from the nominal interest rate -
5 underlying inflation
Finthe rate of inflation that does not take mortgage costs into account -
6 exchange rate risk
Finthe risk of suffering loss on converting another currency to the currency of a company’s own country.EXAMPLEExchange rate risks can be arranged into three primary categories. (1.) Economic exposure: operating costs will rise due to changes in rates and make a product uncompetitive in the world market. Little can be done to reduce this routine business risk that every enterprise must endure. (2.) Translation exposure: the impact of currency exchange rates will reduce a company’s earnings and weaken its balance sheet. To reduce translation exposure, experienced corporate fund managers use a range of techniques known as currency hedging. (3.) Transaction exposure: there will be an unfavorable move in a specific currency between the time when a contract is agreed and the time it is completed, or between the time when a lending or borrowing is initiated and the time the funds are repaid. Transaction exposure can be eased by factoring: transferring title to foreign accounts receivable to a third-party factoring house.Although there is no definitive way of forecasting exchange rates, largely because the world’s economies and financial markets are evolving so rapidly, the relationships between exchange rates, interest rates, and inflation rates can serve as leading indicators of changes in risk. These relationships are as follows. Purchasing Power Parity theory (PPP): while it can be expressed differently, the most common expression links the changes in exchange rates to those in relative price indices in two countries:Rate of change of exchange rate = Difference in inflation ratesInternational Fisher Effect (IFE): this holds that an interest-rate differential will exist only if the exchange rate is expected to change in such a way that the advantage of the higher interest rate is offset by the loss on the foreign exchange transactions. Practically speaking, the IFE implies that while an investor in a low-interest country can convert funds into the currency of a high-interest country and earn a higher rate, the gain (the interest rate differential) will be offset by the expected loss due to foreign exchange rate changes. The relationship is stated as:Expected rate of change of the exchange rate = Interest-rate differentialUnbiased Forward Rate Theory: this holds that the forward exchange rate is the best unbiased estimate of the expected future spot exchange rate.Expected exchange rate = Forward exchange rate -
7 Kernrate der Inflation
Kernrate f der Inflation WIWI core inflation rate (Inflationsrate ohne preisvolatile Produkte wie landwirtschaftliche Produkte wegen saisonaler und ohne Energie wegen politischer, saisonaler und konjunktureller Schwankungen; Synonym: Kerninflationsrate; Gegensatz: Gesamtinflation, maßgebliche Inflation, allgemeine Teuerungsrate, ausgewiesene Inflation; opposite: headline inflation rate; Ziel der Messung einer Kerninflationsrate nach A. Blinder soll es sein, geldpolitisch relevante Preissignale von zufälligen Schwankungen zu unterscheiden: trying to distinguish the signal from the noise; consumers complain that they cannot pay with core dollars) -
8 nominal interest rate
Finthe interest rate as specified, without adjustment for compounding or inflation -
9 показатель инфляции
ороться с инфляцией; борьба с инфляцией — fighting inflation
Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > показатель инфляции
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10 темпы инфляции
ороться с инфляцией; борьба с инфляцией — fighting inflation
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11 уровень инфляции
ороться с инфляцией; борьба с инфляцией — fighting inflation
Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > уровень инфляции
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12 темп развития инфляции
ороться с инфляцией; борьба с инфляцией — fighting inflation
Бизнес, юриспруденция. Русско-английский словарь > темп развития инфляции
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13 Inflationsrate
f rate of inflation, inflation rate* * *die Inflationsrateinflation rate; rate of inflation* * *In|fla|ti|ons|ra|tefrate of inflation* * *In·fla·ti·ons·ra·tef ÖKON inflation rate, rate of inflationdie \Inflationsrate steigt the rate of inflation [or inflation rate] is rising [or increasing]die \Inflationsrate sinkt the rate of inflation [or inflation rate] is falling* * *Inflationsrate f rate of inflation, inflation rate -
14 Inflationsrate
Inflationsrate f WIWI inflation rate, rate of inflation* * *f <Vw> inflation rate, rate of inflation* * *Inflationsrate
rate of inflation, inflation rate;
• anormale Inflationsrate hyperinflation;
• einstellige Inflationsrate single-figure inflation;
• zweistellige Inflationsrate double-digit inflation;
• der Inflationsrate anpassen to take into account inflation;
• der Inflationsrate angepasst sein to take into account inflation;
• Inflationsrate verlangsamen to slow down inflation.
herabdrücken, Inflationsrate
to reduce the rate of inflation;
• Kurse herabdrücken to bear the market;
• Preise herabdrücken to force down the prices. -
15 Inflationsrate
In·fla·ti·ons·ra·te finflation rate, rate of inflation;die \Inflationsrate steigt the rate of inflation [or inflation rate] is rising [or increasing];die \Inflationsrate sinkt the rate of inflation [or inflation rate] is falling -
16 снижение темпов инфляции
Русско-английский военно-политический словарь > снижение темпов инфляции
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17 вести борьбу с инфляцией
ороться с инфляцией; борьба с инфляцией — fighting inflation
Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > вести борьбу с инфляцией
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18 кредитная инфляция
ороться с инфляцией; борьба с инфляцией — fighting inflation
Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > кредитная инфляция
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19 необузданная инфляция
ороться с инфляцией; борьба с инфляцией — fighting inflation
Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > необузданная инфляция
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20 ползучая инфляция
ороться с инфляцией; борьба с инфляцией — fighting inflation
Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > ползучая инфляция
См. также в других словарях:
rate of inflation — UK US noun [S] ► ECONOMICS the rate at which prices increase over time, causing the value of money to fall: more/less than the rate of inflation »The pay offer was less than the rate of inflation. »They proposed fare increases of more than three… … Financial and business terms
rate of inflation — noun the rate of change of prices (as indicated by a price index) calculated on a monthly or annual basis • Syn: ↑inflation rate • Hypernyms: ↑rate … Useful english dictionary
Tendency of the rate of profit to fall — The tendency of the rate of profit to fall (TRPF) is a hypothesis in economics and political economy, most famously expounded by Karl Marx in chapter 13 of Das Kapital Vol. 3. It was generally accepted in the 19th century. Economists as diverse… … Wikipedia
rate of inflation — /ˌreɪt əv ɪn fleɪʃ(ə)n/ noun the percentage increase in prices over a twelve month period … Dictionary of banking and finance
expected rate of inflation — The public s expectations for inflation. These expectations determine how large an effect a given policy action by the Fed will have on economic activity. Bloomberg Financial Dictionary … Financial and business terms
inflation — The creation of money by monetary authorities. In more popular usage, the creation of money that visibly raises goods prices and lowers the purchasing power of money. It may be creeping, trotting, or galloping, depending on the rate of money… … Financial and business terms
Inflation — The rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services is rising. The New York Times Financial Glossary * * * inflation in‧fla‧tion [ɪnˈfleɪʆn] noun [uncountable] ECONOMICS a continuing increase in the prices of goods and services … Financial and business terms
the NAIRU — UK US (also the Nairu) noun [S] ECONOMICS ► ABBREVIATION for the Non Accelerating Inflation Rate of Unemployment: the level of unemployment that a country can have without it having a bad effect on the rate of inflation: »Any attempt to push… … Financial and business terms
inflation-proof — inˈflation ˌproof adjective FINANCE an inflation proof investment is not affected by rising prices, or rises in value faster than prices do: • Real estate values have surged 5% to 10%, fueled by investors who are looking for inflation proof… … Financial and business terms
inflation-indexed bond — UK US noun [C] FINANCE ► a type of bond that is sold by the US Treasury, which pays a fixed rate of interest but whose principal (= the amount of money invested) changes every six months based on the rate of inflation … Financial and business terms
Inflation — This article is about a rise in the general price level. For the expansion of the early universe, see Inflation (cosmology). For other uses, see Inflation (disambiguation). Inflation rates around the world in 2007 … Wikipedia